Structural Change, Industrial Upgrading, and Middle-Income Trap
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
APEC and the Middle Income Trap
The Middle Income Trap has come to dominate headlines and policy discussions in the Asia-Pacific. Recent research suggests that growth past a certain threshold requires a qualitative ‘shift’ as economies transition from labourand capital-intensive growth to productivityand technology-driven growth. However, while more and more countries have attained middle income levels, very few have been a...
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In 2010, the World Bank categorized countries in per capita gross domestic product in terms of purchasing power parity (at constant 1990 prices) in three categories: low, middle (lower and upper) and high income. If a country caught at least 28 years in lower middle income level and at least 14 years caught in upper middle-income level, then they are trapped in lower middle and upper middle...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade
سال: 2020
ISSN: 1566-1679,1573-7012
DOI: 10.1007/s10842-019-00330-3